Dyeing extracts (Natural dying material)

Blue wood extract

Blue wood is named after the strong red tree trunk of the Haematoxylum Campechianum (Logwood), which grows in Middle- and South America and of which only the inner part of the trunk is suitable for extracting Hematine (Blue wood extract). Different colours, from blue to violet, are resulting from pH value and oxidation. A composition with different other dye-wood extracts enables to dye green, brown and even orange.

Specification
The following Hematines are available: HS, HP, CPMK. Detailed information available on request.

There are two main classes of Blue wood extracts
Unmodified Hematine: not oxidized, oxidized or semi-oxidized, depending on the required leather or application. Allows dyeing as already practiced for hundreds of years. Depending on the pH-value and the oxidation process different colours can be obtained from blue to violet; a mixture of different dye-wood extracts allows colours from brown to orange. Chemically modified Hematine: depending on product and application oxidized or not oxidized: modified with glucose or natural salts, as these qualities react less sensitive to oxidation. It can be used for surface or penetrating dying.

Application
Dyeing of leather (box-calf, glazed kid and burnish cow, velvet skin, chamois leather, etc.), silk, cotton, fleece, nylon, pharmaceutical products, colouring agent for animal nutrition.

Yellow wood extract

Yellow wood extract is coming from the yellow trunk of the Morus tictoria tree, which can grow up to a height of 60 meters. Other names beside Yellow Wood are 'Old Fustic' and 'Dyers Mulberry'. It belongs to the group of flavonol plants. It grows in Middle- and South America, West-India and also in South-Europe, where it does not grow so enormously high. The dyeing ingredients are Morin and Maclurin, (-> Maclurin is chemically constituted of pentahydroxibenzophenone) which can partly be found in free form and as calcium-salt. The extract is of reddish-yellow colour and becomes orange-yellow by dilution. Materials dyed with yellow wood extract are light sensitive, but they are also very resistant against soap and other alkaline substances.

Specification
pH (solution at 10%) 6,3 +/- 1,0
Colour index 75 660

Application
Yellow wood extract is suitable for the following applications:
• dyeing of chrome tanned, semi chrome + vegetable leather to produce a light fast,
   wet-rub fast, orange to brown colour
• for the rapid dyeing through of brown leathers before surface dyeing with anionic dyes
• for the rapid dyeing through of yellow or brown leathers before surface dyeing with anionic dyes
• for the rapid dyeing through of yellow or brown leathers before surface dyeing with basic dyes
• for the rapid, fast dyeing of leathers to be glazed

For other extracts we recommend not to solely use yellow wood extracts. Generally it is employed as shading agent for natural and synthetic dyes bringing yellow / green yellow colouring principles to the main dye. In this way we can obtain a colouring series from Havana-brown to olive and black. Most suitable for textiles, wool, leather (box calf + suede) wood and paper dyeing, furthermore food as well as the cosmetics industry.

Red wood extract

Brazilian Red Wood extract is a natural wood extract which is coming from the trunk of Caesalpiniaceous Crista, Caesapinia Echinacea or Caesalpiniaceous Brailiensis and is classified in the group of neoflavonoid plants and belongs to the soluble Red Woods. Its height is approximately 80 meters, with a diameter of 3 meters. These trees can be up to 2000 years old. They then reach a diameter of approx. 7 meters.

These trees grow in Middle- and South America. Insoluble Red Wood is for example 'Sandal Wood', 'Cam Wood' or 'Coral Wood'. The Red Wood is coming mostly from Brazil or Jamaica. The wood which is of yellow colour is coming from the inner part of the trunk which is resistant to insects and fungus. The other parts of the trunk are coloured red and contain the dyeing substance called brasilin, which is modified by oxidation of the leuco-connections to the original dyestuff brasilin. This is very closely related to the dyeing stuff of 'Blue Wood', the haematoxylins, respective Haematoxylin. Both are neoflavonoides. Pure brasilin is building silver-grey, glazing/rhombic flakes, which are hardly soluble in cold water. They are easily soluble in hot water and alkaline substances.

The dyestuff can be traced by making water dilutions out of scrapings of the wood; after spray-drying the dilution, it is finally modified to powder form. First the watered dilutions are of yellow colour. Afterwards they will get a reddish colour by oxidation. Dilutions of older woods are reddish from beginning on. This is caused by more dyestuff in comparison to younger woods. By adding acid, the colour will change more to yellow and by adding alkaline solutions colour changes to stronger red. With adding salts it precipitates to different lacquers. Stannic salts will let it have carmine-red sediment, and iron-vitriol will let it have violet sediments. Already dyed materials are very sensitive to acids and alkaline solutions. Dyed materials are not very light stable in comparison to synthetic dying agents. To get more stable colouring results, we are selling modified Red Wood Extracts.

Specification (all values according to the filter method)

Color	red brown
Natural dyestuff %	Ø 40,0
insolubles %	< 1,0
pH (10% liquid)	6,0 +/- 1,0
humidity %	8,0 +/- 3,0

Applications
Red Wood dyestuff can be used similarly as a synthetic dyestuff either in a chrome- or vegetable leather dyeing process. Further applications are the dyeing of textiles, wool, cotton, wood and paper as well as a colouring marker in the micro chirurgical field.